Automotive urea is a necessary product for heavy-duty diesel vehicles to meet the national IV emissions standard. Automotive urea refers to a urea water solution with a concentration of 32.5% and a solvent of ultra-pure water, produced from urea crystals and ultra-pure water. Heavy-duty trucks, buses, and other diesel vehicles need to use suitable SCR systems for exhaust treatment to comply with the national IV emissions standard, which requires the use of urea solutions to treat nitrogen oxides in the exhaust. Therefore, the automotive urea solution has become an essential product for heavy-duty trucks and buses to meet the national IV emissions standard.
Automotive urea is a urea water solution with a concentration of 32.5% and a solvent of ultra-pure water, produced from urea crystals and ultra-pure water. The key point is the purity of the raw materials. From a production process perspective, although automotive urea requires higher raw material purity than general industrial demand, current domestic processes can meet practical application requirements. The production process of automotive urea is insufficient to construct high entry barriers.
Domestic automotive urea mainly comes from purifying industrial urea, and the main principle is: 1) Urea undergoes hydrolysis in an aqueous solution at a temperature of 70-75°C. 2) Urea re-crystallizes from the aqueous solution at a temperature below 30°C. 3) The purity of each hydrolysis and crystallization cycle significantly increases, and generally using industrial urea for one hydrolysis and crystallization cycle can meet the automotive urea standard. The yield ratio is 1.5:1.
Automotive urea must use ultra-pure water in the electronics industry. Due to the risk of the SCR catalyst carrier suffering metal ion poisoning and losing its catalytic effect, the automotive urea solution must use ultra-pure water (resistivity> 18MΩ/cm) from the electronics industry. The automotive urea solution will start to freeze at -11°C, and in practical use, it may freeze completely at -20°C. Currently, technology is using modification agents to reduce the solution’s freezing point and external heating devices to prevent solution freezing.
Automotive Urea Solution (AdBlue) is a solution that is made by mixing high-purity urea and pure water without any other additives. The urea concentration in this solution is 32.5% (mass fraction). Most domestic and foreign heavy diesel engine manufacturers adopt the SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) technology to meet the requirements of the Euro IV and Euro V emission standards for motor vehicles. Vehicles that use SCR technology must add urea solution as a reducing agent to achieve standard emissions.
Diesel engine exhaust treatment fluid (commonly known as automotive urea, vehicle urea, or automotive environmental urea) is known as AdBlue in China and Europe, DEF in America, and ARLA32 in Brazil. AdBlue is a high-purity transparent liquid with a slightly ammonia smell, which consists of 32.5% high-purity urea and 67.5% deionized water. If it splashes out, the water evaporates and forms crystals. AdBlue is used for passenger cars, trucks, buses, heavy-duty non-road diesel engine vehicles with SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) system, and it is a consumable product required by SCR technology. Together with SCR catalyst, it converts harmful nitrogen oxides discharged by diesel engines into harmless water vapor and nitrogen. The main components of the SCR system include catalyst, AdBlue injection device, AdBlue container and AdBlue dosage controller. Almost all heavy vehicle manufacturers in Europe, the United States, Asia, and China equip their vehicles with SCR system and AdBlue working fluid to meet new nitrogen oxide emission standards (such as Euro IV and Euro V). Under the joint action of AdBlue and SCR technology, engine performance and fuel consumption can be optimized, and diesel consumption can be reduced by up to 6%, significantly reducing costs. The average consumption of AdBlue is 5% of the general diesel consumption, which is approximately 1.5 liters per 100 kilometers on highways. AdBlue can only be used in engine combinations equipped with SCR systems because it is neither a fuel nor a fuel additive. AdBlue complies with ISO 22241, DIN 70070, and CEFIC standards to ensure the effective operation of the SCR system.
Post time: Nov-13-2024